Rangelands, the naturally occurring grasslands, shrublands and open woodlands are central to the livelihoods and ecology of Balochistan (NDMA, 2024). In Killa Saifullah district, including the Muslim Bagh area, a substantial fraction of land is rangeland used for grazing small ruminants and cattle; livestock production is a primary livelihood source for rural households. However, rangeland conditions are highly variable, and many areas show signs of overuse, reduced plant cover and soil erosion (SMEDA, 2008). Rangeland degradation in Balochistan stems from a combination of